WebTHE GREAT BOOK OF MELANIN RESEARCH!!! Melanin films also induced an inflammation response that was comparable to silicone implants in vivo, and the implants were significantly resorbed after 8 weeks. In other words, the energy freed up by using melanin in this novel way may have enabled the expansion of energetically intensive brain tissues such as the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for the higher thought processes of speech, information processing, impulse control, and decision making.23. The production of high amounts of extracellular melanin by the fungus Gliocephalotrichum simplex was obtained in cultures supplemented with tyrosine (2.5%) and peptone (1%) [64]. The Pineal gland is the first gland developed in your body, and appears in homo-sapiens a mere 3 weeks after conception. 31. A second group of mice was fed white, melanin-poor porcini mushrooms, a third group ate white porcini mushrooms that were supplemented with melanin, and a final control group received no mushrooms or melanin at all. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. WebMelanin: The Chemical Keys to Black Greatness (Vol. In the Ascomycota fungi, melanin pigment is generally synthesized from the pentaketide pathway in which 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) is the immediate precursor of the polymer, as described by Bell and Wheeler [11] based on genetic and biochemical evidence obtained from Verticillium dahliae and W. dermatitidis [84, 85]. Charles E. Turick et al., Gamma Radiation Interacts with Melanin toAlter Its Oxidation-Reduction Potential and Results in Electric CurrentProduction,Bioelectrochemistry82, no. Researches support that the pH of the medium also affects the growth of fungi and type of pigment produced. These results indicate that corn steep liquor contains substances that stimulate the synthesis of pigment and it represents a low-cost fermentation medium for large-scale production of the pigment melanin by MEL1 mutant for future industrial applications [74]. In an eye-opening statement, researchers noted that these effects need to be studied in humans but that in nuclear emergencies, diets rich in melanin may be beneficial to overcome radiation toxicity in humans.31. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. Book details & editions. The metal chelation properties of melanin offer interesting possibilities for melanin-based metal ion sensing. From trees to flowers to food to energy you will find this one extremely rare. Bull [89] identified dopachrome (indole 5,6-quinone 2-carboxylic acid) and melanochrome (indole 5,6-quinone), which are intermediates in the DOPA-melanin pathway, in A. nidulans mutants defective in the production of melanin. Melanin, the What, the Why and the How: An Introductory Review for Materials Scientists Interested in Flexible and Versatile Polymers. Some studies have proposed that fungal melanin exhibits anti-radiation activity in vivo and in vivo and then could be explored as a probable radioprotector [16, 115]. It has been reported that various types of peptone, used as a nitrogen source, are able to promote an increase in the production of pigments in many species of fungi [55, 59, 62, 63]. About the author. In order to improve performance and reduce the cost of pigments produced by microbial fermentation, it is essential to identify the nutritional and physical factors that have a greater influence on the cell growth and metabolite biosynthesis [4, 6, 39, 40]. Uploaded by 1: the Great Oracle of Tehuti and the Egyptian System of Spiritual Cultivation by Ra Un Nefer Amen Studies have shown that synthetic melanin-like nanoparticles complexed with paramagnetic Fe3+ ions have potential as a highly efficient and nontoxic contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging instead of Gd3+-based contrast agents, which can cause nephrotoxicity [136]. It absorbs all visible wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, hence its dark coloration, and, most notably, converts and dissipates potentially harmful ultraviolet radiation into heat. Various studies have reported the successful utilization of agro-industrial residues for the production of fungal pigments. Packed with knowledge of the food of the gods. The supplementation of medium with molasses and sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate did not have a positive effect on pigment production but promoted an increase in the fungal growth. WebThis volume goes over the brain hemispheres, history of religion, Black founders of civilization, the Sun, cosmology and cosmogony, the subjective and objective realms of being, analysis of cosmological system and view of man, spiritual anatomy of man, types of man and the cultivation of the spiritual man, the Tree of Life initiation system, Humans with lighter skin tones may have gained vitamin D accessibility at the expense of the ability to convert sunlight into metabolic energy. 16. Pseudomonas requires 3536C for its growth and pigment production, while in Monascus purpureus, maximum pigment production was observed at 30C with a reduction of the yield at 37C [48]. Due to a planned power outage on Friday, 1/14, between 8am-1pm PST, some services may be impacted. Since melanin has characteristics of functional materials and bioorganic, a growing number of researchers see this pigment with great interest, taking advantage of their properties for numerous biotechnological applications in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, electronic, and food processing industries [12, 19, 35]. Studies in our laboratory showed that melanin extracted from hyperpigment-productive mutant (MEL1) of A. nidulans has the ability to scavenge the biological oxidants, as HOCl, and may be a promising material in cosmetic formulations to protect the skin against possible oxidative damage [31]. Not only can melanin convert light into heat, but new research raises the possibility that it can also transform other forms of radiation into metabolically useful forms of energy. First published October 15, 2009. However, melanin has been observed to have other functions such as neuroprotection and energy production. WebMelanin: The Chemical Keys to Black Greatness (Vol. This book is designed to familiarize the reader with Melanin and its chemical key to life and ALL living things, memory processes, ancient African history, sunlight, music, dancing, anti-aging, anti-cancer, religion, electromagnetism, and any other scientific and cultural parameters. 3 (May-June 2001): 3-12. In this pathway, the polyketide synthase (PKS) converts malonyl-CoA to 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene (1,3,6,8-THN), which undergoes several reduction and dehydration reactions to produce scytalone, 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene (THN), and vermelone. Melanin has also been used to treat various types of malignant cancer tumors, disorders of the immune system including AIDS, diseases of blood origin and disorders due to the disturbances in cell homeostasis, and complex and hardly curable mental disorders (schizophrenia, epilepsy) involving nervous and other regulatory systems. Llaila O. Afrika. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. The rapid expansion of our speciess brain volume, known as encephalization, occurred at the same time as the adaptive event of human hair loss, around 2 million years ago. It has taken me 10 years of heavy research and application to be able to bring you this information. In our studies, the toxicity of the melanin from A. nidulans was also evaluated due to its potential practical application as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Due to a planned power outage on Friday, 1/14, between 8am-1pm PST, some services may be impacted. @DESIRE | You #Enslave or are-Enslaved. It was reported that melanin isolated from the fungus G. simplex reduced the radiation-induced overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-), which might help in the recovery from radiation injury by preventing the aggravation of inflammation and oxidative stress [33]. This volume goes over the brain hemispheres, history of religion, Black founders of civilization, the Sun, cosmology and cosmogony, the subjective and objective realms of being, analysis of cosmological system and view of man, spiritual anatomy of man, types of man and the cultivation of the spiritual man, the Tree of Life initiation system, meditation and ritual, oracles, deities, philosophical and psychological foundations, and consulting and interpreting the oracle. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? In vitro studies have shown that melanized fungi are more resistant to UV light-induced and oxidant-mediated damages, temperature extremes, hydrolytic enzymes, heavy metal toxicity, and antimicrobial drugs than those nonmelanized [10, 1417]. For example, the pigment production by Penicillium sp. :). A. Kunwar et al., Melanin, a Promising Radioprotector: Mechanisms of Actions in a Mice Model,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology264, no. The Pineal gland is the first gland developed in your body, and appears in homo-sapiens a mere 3 weeks after conception. Fungal melanins also exhibit growth inhibitory effect against various microorganisms. The chemical energy liberated via the dissociation and subsequent charge separation of the water molecule by melanin, in fact, has been estimated to meet over 90 percent of cellular energy needs.17, Research on the melanin-rich intraocular organ pecten in birds explains many phenomena that have eluded scientific explanation, including avian metabolism, bioenergetics, and flight mechanics, and gives us clues about our own bodies ability to use melanin for the purposes of energy. Melanin, Submitted: June 1st, 2016 Reviewed: December 28th, 2016 Published: March 1st, 2017, Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com. Some fungal species produce a dark-brown pigment, known as melanin, by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds, such as glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene (GDHB) or catechol or 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). $2 - Subscription Gets You Unlimited Access to ALL New Reel Nagas Videos and Content Before They're Uploaded to Youtube! Keissler [in Russian],Mikrobiolohichny? WebThis volume goes over the brain hemispheres, history of religion, Black founders of civilization, the Sun, cosmology and cosmogony, the subjective and objective realms of being, analysis of cosmological system and view of man, spiritual anatomy of man, types of man and the cultivation of the spiritual man, the Tree of Life initiation system, These authors concluded that the cultivation in the total absence of light increased biomass and production of extracellular and intracellular pigments in all fungi. 100% Health cracked, 100% Universal Laws (operating here cracked, how to take advantage), In 100% describes Biblical Law of Jesus Christ which operates in this reality and leads Compared with the control groups, the antioxidant defense systems, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, were improved significantly in mice of experiment groups, and the reactive oxygen species detected by malondialdehyde content were decreased significantly. Web A FREE Digital Copy of the Great Book of Melanin Research and The Alkaline Cookbook Access to the Live Weekly Police Stop Law Class. 2,799 views May 25, 2018 163 Dislike Share REEL NAGAS 28.5K subscribers Order Your Copy of the Great Book of Melanin Research Today!!! A state of the art facility which uses disciplined scholarship to ascertain objective knowledge regarding melanin and maintain a database of such knowledge would help to expand the awareness of melanin and its actual characteristics. Apart from this scavenging ability, melanin exhibits other biological activities, including thermoregulatory, photoprotective, antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, radioprotective, and immunomodulatory [13, 17, 18, 3134]. Studies have shown that the effect of melanin enhancing the survival of fungi under adverse conditions can be mainly due to its powerful free radical scavenger properties, acting as a sponge for other free radicals generated by the fungus in response to environmental stress [20, 29, 30]. Ekaterina Dadachova et al., Ionizing Radiation Changes the ElectronicProperties of Melanin and Enhances the Growth of Melanized Fungi,PLoSONE2, no. Some melanized fungi have shown to be good candidates for bioremediation of contaminated sites, due to the ability of fungal melanin to bind to heavy metals and radionuclides in contaminated sites. As shown in Table1, some fungal species produce a dark-brown pigment, known as melanin. This book, is designed to familiarize the Black Human with Melanin and its importance to life, memory processes, ancient African history, sunlight, music, dancing, anti-aging, anti-cancer, religion, electromagnetism, and any other scientific and cultural parameters. Keywords fungi pigment melanin A further dehydration step leads to the intermediate 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), which is polymerized to DHN-melanin, possibly by a laccase enzyme [10, 13, 27]. A biosynthesis pathway for fungal DOPA-melanin, proposed by [11], is shown in Figure2, which strongly resembles the pathway found in mammalian cells, though some of the details may differ. Revitalise Your Life Through Absurdity Therapy, Meditation, Yoga, Grounding & Mindfulness, REGENERATE: Unlocking Your Bodys Radical Resilience Through The New Biology, The New Biophysics of Energy Synthesis: How the Body Harvests Natures Alternative Energy Sources to Power Cellular Pathways, Build Resilience, and Promote Our Evolutionary Edge, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03325.x, https://doi.org/10.2174/1871524915666150203093656, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2008.03.038, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.01.032, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.020, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000457, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.04.009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2012.08.002, International Journal of Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine, Why Some Scientists Resist the Evidence for Psi, Why Daily Greens are the Real Fountain of Youth, The Power of Peppermint: 15 Health Benefits Revealed. WebIt is in the melanocytes that melanin is produced. Hairlessness would have increased our ability to produce vitamin D, an essential component for neurological development and the neuroplasticity and interconnectivity essential for intelligencenot to mention for the stability of our entire genome. 29. web pages Search the history of over 797 billion A valuable biotechnological approach to the melanin-mediated synthesis of silver nanostructures with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity has been developed. The evolutionary reason, however, is hard to pin down. Silver nanoparticles incorporated Yarrowia lipolytica melanin exhibited antimicrobial activity against the pathogen Salmonella paratyphi, and they were also effective at disrupting biofilms on polystyrene as well as glass surfaces [123]. Print length 103 pages Language English Publisher Lushena Books Publication date Melanin has many other interesting properties, such as ultraviolet absorption, which has been utilized to prepare optical lenses or filters. An ideal pigment-producing microorganism should be capable of using a wide range of C and N sources; must be tolerant to pH, temperature, and minerals concentration; and must give reasonable pigments yield. However, it is important to emphasize that different properties are observed for melanins derived from different substrates. This result is related to melanin production during growth of the MEL1 mutant, since the biomass 48 hours is slightly pigmented, while the 72 hours biomass is dark due to the increased production of pigment [157]. 4 (April 2009): 2009 Apr; 10(4): 1419-1429,https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms10041419. Police Stop Law Packages CRC - Know Your Rights Manual - Qualified Immunity Notices Constitutional Rights Cards & Police Bond Liens! Several biological functions of melanins are closely associated to their chemical composition and structure. 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