The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Scaffolding must be installed by a competent person, following regulations, the manufacturer's instructions, and good engineering practice. A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold On straight run scaffolds, longitudinal bracing across the inner and outer rows of posts shall be installed diagonally in both directions, and shall extend from the base of the end posts upward to the top of the scaffold at approximately a 45 degree angle. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. D. Static electricity gathers outside the circuit. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . Faults: Damaged. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. The entire supporting structure shall be securely braced to prevent any horizontal movement. The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. An employee may wear stilts on a scaffold only if it is a large area scaffold. Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. 5. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . sawhorses; others are much more complex, such as the scaffolds erected hundreds of Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk Introduction Place the planks. D. Alertness and reaction time testing. Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? Crawling Board. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. In the case of materials handling, storage, use and disposal, remember that the main hazards are injuries from: Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. All jacks lever and ratchet jacks, screw jacks, and hydraulic jacks must have a device that stops them from: A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet. Platforms shall not exceed a height of 20 feet (6.1 m). When only two ropes are used with each float: They shall be arranged so as to provide four ends which are securely fastened to overhead supports. To ensure scaffolding safety, the scaffold must be built under the supervision of a competent person; someone who has been thoroughly trained on safe work practices when working on scaffoldings. Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. C. Workplace and engineering controls 6. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. Ropes or hangers shall be used for supports, except that one end of a needle beam scaffold may be supported by a permanent structural member. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade D. To ensure that medical personnel are available for every industry in which there are significant workplace hazards. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. C. Explosives Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow. Runners shall be erected along the length of . We've updated our privacy policy. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. 7. 3. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for pole scaffolds under 60 feet in height. Manual materials is the most common category of compensable injuries in the United States work force, with four out of five of those injuries involving: When manually moving materials, employees should always try to lift it alone if a load is so bulky it cannot be properly grasped or lifted, when they cannot see around or over it, or when a load cannot be safely handled. Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. 3. c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. 4. Brackets (including those provided with pointed metal projections) shall be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails. 1926.452 (c) (3) Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. If the scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift . e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. A good time to perform these inspections is at the start of the workday to ensure the area is clear for that day's shift. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. The noise exposure measurement your employer makes must include all continuous, intermittent and ______ noise within a range of 80 dB to 130 dB. And workers must be trained by a qualified person before they use the scaffold. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. Scaffolds shall be suspended only from the roof structure or other structural member such as ceiling beams. Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. Truck-mounted and rough terrain cranes are both forms of a mobile crane, and both use which of the following to increase their stability? Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. This process is known as: OSHA requires that many categories of PPE meet or be equivalent to standards developed by: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI). What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold 2.3 million or 65 percent Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material Aluminum, Steel or less commonly wood "Plasterers', decorators', and large area scaffolds." Keep Vehicles and Heavy Equipment Clear. One or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid supports. which of the following statements is false? The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: A. a. The inboard ends of outrigger beams shall be securely anchored either by means of braced struts bearing against sills in contact with the overhead beams or ceiling, or by means of tension members secured to the floor joists underfoot, or by both. The SlideShare family just got bigger. C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? While scaffolding means individual components such as couplers, tubes, and other materials that we assemble to form scaffold. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. Warped. The body becomes part of the circuit A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Electric shock occurs when: A. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, to prevent racking or collapse of the scaffold and to secure vertical members together laterally so as to automatically square and align the vertical members. Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! D. Armed robots. If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. We've encountered a problem, please try again. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. B. 1926.454 of first grade manila rope. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before leaving a work area If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. When erected scaffolds are to be moved by crane assure that: a. Platforms supported by wire ropes shall have hook-shaped stops on each end of the platforms to prevent them from slipping off the wire ropes. A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Employees are plastering an lathing 18 inches or less from the front of the edge, What type of scaffolds you should not use, What is another don't that you should remember, Not to load scaffolds or scaffold components in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, which ever is less, OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: when an employer gas reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall, Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained, Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by, What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold- is ideal for use around complex structures, This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in, If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and or personal fall arrest systems(PFAS).The type of fall protection required will depend upon, Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. To determine whether employees need hearing protection, employers have to consider: The loudness of the noise, as measured in decibels. Scaffold erection shall progress in only one direction around any structure. When erected and used properly, it serves its function well. Insufficient length. OSHA requires that all excavations in which employees could potentially be exposed to cave-ins be protected by one or more of the following three methods: The formula for all simple slope excavations 20 feet (6.11 meters) or less deep states that for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back: Trench boxes or shields must be designed or approved by: Shoring or shielding is most often used when: The location or the depth of the excavation makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. ", "Form scaffolds and carpenters' bracket scaffolds. feet in the air to build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty. Chicken Ladder. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) . OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. D. Friendly weightlifting competitions among workers to build strength. An estimated 2.3 million construction workers, or 65 percent of the construction industry, Not tied. The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. By the user only b. Plumb c. By a contractor d. Plumb and level e. Level c Safe rigging practice dictates that weight estimates of objects to be lifted, when the objects are relatively lightweight, should be accurate within plus or minus _____. Answer: Those who ( sell or) rent it many times have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. (b) Tube and Coupler Scaffolds. The knowledgeable user knows how to select the right scaffold for the The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Operators must complete three separate aspects of powered industrial truck training: formal training, practice training, and: To adhere to fire safety precautions, flammable and combustible materials must be stored according to: General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. When balancing a chemical equation. When an employee is using stilts on a large area scaffold where a guardrail system is used to provide fall protection, the guardrail system shall be increased in height by an amount equal to the height of the stilts being used by the employee. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Ladders used to support ladder jacks shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. 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