I feel like its a lifeline. so the real question here is this: what exactly do you mean by "Americanisms"? Learn the history and differences between Eastern Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic churches. The Orthodox likewise believe in the metaphysical nature of mankind and our existence as both soul and body. The Filioque clause has always been one of the most significant differences between Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. This is due in part to the Orthodox church believing that the book of Revelation is a mystery. There were many cultural differences between the Byzantine vs Roman empires. Credit: shakko / Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0 Legacy. Maybe there was a slight misunderstanding when interviewing priests but this doesnt sound quite right to me. The Roman Catholic catechism seems to suggest that this change is proper. Within the Orthodox theological paradigm, there is either forgiveness or punishment, not both. This split is called the Great Schism of 1054. We approve all comments that are submitted to our site that are respectful. Thanks. I think I'm trying to say that the break was inevitable given the utter foreign-ness of Byzantine to Latins and vice-versa. Thank you for this article. Foreknowledge? Another difference between the Roman Catholic practice and that of the Orthodox has to do with the reception of the elements themselves. Orthodox dogma never claims to expound the whole truth about anything. The word Roman is derived from the city of Rome, Italy. The second major theological difference is that the Catholic Church believes the Pope has supreme authority over the Christian faith, while the modern Orthodox Church has no doctrinal authority. The goal of this period is to repent and prepare for celebrating the Resurrection of Christ. Differences between Byzantine Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy? But we do not acknowledge any claims of supremacy, because these claims have no basis in Scripture or in the writings of the Fathers. Thank you for your comment. The First Council of Constantinople (381 CE) - Additions were made to the Nicene Creed declaring that the Holy Spirit proceeded from both God the Father and Jesus Christ the Son. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The First Pope of the Catholic Church | Who Was the First Pope? Orthodoxy has maintained the faith that delivered once for all into the saints. The Second Ecumenical Council ratified the Creed as it now stands. The Pope is the Vicar of Christ and the head of the Church on Earth, an office that church teaching traces to the Apostle Peter. The Father, Son, who is Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit, are each fully God. The recent Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox provides an opportunity to review the differences between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. The Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church have been in a state of official schism from one another since the East-West Schism of 1054. A fully independent, lay-run, 501(c)(3) ministry that receives no funding from the institutional Church, we rely entirely on the generosity of everyday people like you to keep this website going with trustworthy, fresh, and relevant content. The First Council of Nicaea (325 CE) - The First Council clarified the time of celebrating Easter and the Nicene Creed. These excommunications effectively resulted in the Great Schism in 1054. In effect, he is the physical head of the Church. According to Catholicism, the saved go to purgatory when they depart this life. when I was excommunicated from the Mormon Church, when I said "church" the Ward Bishop thought I meant the congregation. The West was Catholic. Therefore, while the West celebrates the birth of Christ on the 25 th December (according to the Gregorian Calendar), the Orthodox Church, in accordance with the Julian Calendar, celebrate Christmas on the 7 th January. But since you brought this up, lets unpack this a bit. I have been researching different denominations and I have narrowed my choices to Catholic or Orthodox. He was a pastor for 10 years. Allow us to address your points here. Marriage is a mystical union between a man and a woman. The reality, of course, is that we very often fall short. While there are several differences between the way Roman Catholics and Byzantine Catholics and Orthodox families celebrate Lent, the three pillars remain the same: prayer, alms, and fasting. The Orthodox certainly acknowledge that Peter occupied a special place among the Apostles as the first among equals. The two branches remained on friendly terms until crusaders of the Fourth Crusadecaptured Constantinople in 1204. Rome was the capital of the Western church, and Constantinople, now Istanbul, was the capital of the Eastern church. Despite the enduring differences between the Catholic and Orthodox churches . Roman Catholics recognize the Pope as infallible. The eastern orthodox clergy at this church need to educate themselves and learn about the ongoing work of the Joint International Commission for Theological Dialogue between the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church, among others, as well as all of the Eastern rite Catholic churches who have the same beliefs and practices as the eastern orthodox as well as full union with the Catholic church. The East (Byzantine) was more theoretical and, although fully believing in the humanity of Christ, focused on his divinity, which was much more mysterious. In other words, even after you are saved and God has forgiven your sins, after death you must still make satisfaction for them. The Crusaders occupied the city for around one year, ransacking the wealth and destroying large parts of Constantinople. Catholicism teaches that the Father and the Son, Jesus Christ, sent the Holy Spirit. In Orthodox doctrine, divine grace is uncreated and therefore represents God Himself His energies. The term refers to who exactly sent the Holy Spirit at Pentecost to exercise his unique ministry after the ascension of Christ. So the government acted quickly and, in 313, allowed the open worship of Christianity. However, the two churches disagree on the exact recitation of the Creed. In a confused passage purportedly refuting Eunomius, Augustine writes of the Son, Spirit and will: It was certainly a sharp answer that somebody gave to the heretic, who most subtly asked him whether God begot the Son willingly or unwillingly, in order that if he said unwillingly, it would follow most absurdly that God was miserable; but if willingly, he would immediately infer, as though by an invincible reason, that at which he was aiming, viz. Also, while he was technically respected throughout the Christian world, he found that the bishops and patriarchs from the East thought of him as backwards. On the piece of paper was an order of excommunication, meaning that the pope no longer recognized the patriarch, or anyone who listened to him, as Christian. Related: Is There Grace Outside The Church? For we do not love anything unless we apprehend it by a mental conception. These two halves could not function together and soon split. In Roman Catholicism, reason becomes the very criterion of Truth, not just a tool to help one ascertain Truth. It is this primary (and often overlooked) difference between our churches that inevitably resulted in all the others that follow in this post. Remarriage after divorce is not permitted unless there is an annulment. It goes without saying, but the Orthodox do not share Romes official position here. From a logical point of view; this would explain at least some of the recent troubles within the Catholic church. Firstly, the difference between Orthodox and Catholic Christmas is quite simply an issue about dates. Both argue that the Catholic Church, at least at the time of their division, had significantly strayed from the Bibles teachings on certain matters of doctrine and practice. Difference Between Catholics and Christians, Difference Between Catholics and Baptists, The Difference Between Catholics and Baptists, The Difference Between Catholic and Christian, Catholic Wedding Ceremony Traditional and Modern Services. It is common for critics of the Catholic Church to claim that it has adopted the theology of Thomas Aquinas whole hog when it comes to Divine Simplicity. The Eastern half was also wealthier than the West. I believe I may have found the answer to the agonizing search/struggle I have been engaged in as I seek to join a faith community. . 0 members (), I think we are globally more savvy these days to recognise this kind of thing for what it is. IX, pp. I pray that one day we will be United in all aspects of the faith in Christ, in particular theologically. The Holy Spirit is the third person of the Trinity and is fully God, according to Orthodox teachings. A place where we can atone for any venial sins we may not have repented at the time of our death. We are thankful that God has begun to lead you home to His Church. She has a Bachelors from the University of Richmond and has previously worked at Fortune 5 company, assisting in the revision and previewing of written products. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. | The Great Schism Timeline & Causes, The Byzantine Empire | Religion, Characteristics & Icons. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Your email address will not be published. The Blessed Virgin, however, freely chose not to. Thank you and God bless! Eastern refers to the geographical area of the Orthodox tradition whose capital was Constantinople. The two Councils of Lyons were assemblies of the Roman Catholic Church in the 13th century. Orthodox church allows marriage within their priesthood while Catholic church does not. The Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, along with Protestantism, comprise the three historic branches of the Christian religion. Papal Primacy is a doctrinal belief concerning the respect and authority that all Catholics and members of the Catholic Church must afford the Pope due to the belief that he has primacy jurisdiction over the governance of the church. Any statement meeting these criteria is infallible. We would also highly recommend any books in the Popular Patristics series. At one time we believe the same but the Catholic Church deviated from the Truth. There Christianity FAQ exists to help people understand the Christian faith. Its a shame (and a sham) that a fellow Christian would harm another fellow Christian with obvious mistruths. Dear catholic.com visitors: This Catholic Answers website, with all its free resources, is the worlds largest source of explanations for Catholic beliefs and practices. Even though we describe God as being his attributes, we believe Jesus became man so we could understand God through him. The second Council in 1274 was convened to reunite the East and the West. Over the next few centuries, there were five major historical events that defined the relationship between the Eastern and Western churches. I see no attempt by you to explain just how the Catholic Churchs teaching is different from the view I quoted from Palamas. The Church occupied Asia Minor, the Middle East, and North Africa. The Lenten fast for Byzantine Rite Catholics looks quite different! Christ sends the Holy Spirit who proceeds from the Father, according to Orthodox teaching. The teachings of Jesus Christ, the role of the Apostle Peter, and the writings of the New Testament are the foundation of the theology of the Catholic Church. In Orthodoxy, rational thought is a useful tool that helps us come to the knowledge of the truth. Lk 22:32), 3. However, when asked how this is determined, there is no mechanism of which they are aware. robots. Content should not be treated as a substitute for offline interaction. Create your account, 20 chapters | Absorbing the information above can prepare you to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. I hope this helps, and good luck in your faith! This can get a bit complex, but we will try to simplify the differences here as much as possible. So that's "orthodox" with a lowercase "o.". There are seven sacraments in Catholicism: (1) adult and infant baptism, (2) confirmation, (3) the Eucharist, (4) penance, (5) anointing, (6) ordination, and (7) marriage. But that other, with great wakefulness, demanded of him in turn, whether God the Father was God willingly or unwillingly; in order that if he answered unwillingly, that misery would follow, which to believe of God is sheer madness; and if he said willingly, it would be replied to him, Then He is God too by His own will, not by His nature. Thank you. The Orthodox faith, on the other hand, teaches that God is both unknowable essence and knowable energies, following the teachings of Gregory Palamas and the ancient Church Fathers (i.e. The two biggest differences between the Catholic faith and the Eastern Orthodox faith, boils down to two main disputes: Here are a few minor differences for your convenience: who proceeds from the Father and the Son. Claiming this, however, presents a devastating problem by subordinating the Spirit below the Father and the Son. Roman Catholic vs Lutheranism: Whats the Difference? Your article also makes the claim that, Curiously enough, there is no single, agreed-upon list of infallible statements made by the pope, or a list of criteria for what constitutes a statement made ex cathedra. First, I am unaware of any list of every infallible conciliar teaching either, though your article fails to mention that. Pope John Paul II calls faith and reason two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth. Rejects the Filioque out right, as the original text does not include and the Son.. Its hard to fully understand son you dont actively participate in so you must understand the concerns of other Catholics reading this. First, it deliberately changes the words of Christ in John 15:26. - Mythology, Overview, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Second, where can I go for a basic, general history of Eastern-rite Catholicism. In medieval Western Europe, the philosophical, scientific, and literary achievements of ancient Greece had largely been lost or forgotten. I am so excited and hopeful I may have found a church home. One can feel guilt for a particular sin and yet continue in that sin. Cyrus the Great Facts & Achievements | Who was King Cyrus the Great? The Council approved that the Pope has full and supreme power over the church. The Catholic Church teaches that God is Triune. Nothing should be regarded as authoritative without verification by several offline Orthodox resources. Thank you Lord for all your gifts and graces! By 476, Rome had not only split, but the Western half of the empire ceased to exist. Eastern Orthodoxy believes that God is Triune, but unlike Catholicism and Protestantism, it does not believe that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and Son, but only from the Father. Especially considering this obviously uneducated opinion you purport to be shown in this article and its comments comes from Roman Catholic teachings and the mouths of Roman Catholic priests and bishops themselves. The main difference between Eastern Orthodoxy and Eastern-rite Catholicism is ecclesiologicalit has to do with what each perceives the nature and structure of the Church to be. These drastic policy changes not only spread Christianity across the Roman Empire but undermined the religious traditions that maintained the integrity of the Roman Empire. Welcome home! The establishment of Christianity as the official state religion weakened the authority and credibility of the Emperor and undermined Romans' traditional religious practices. This schism was caused by historical and language differences, and the ensuing theological differences between the Western and Eastern churches. This article was written with the input of several Orthodox priests, who have indeed interviewed and spoken with Roman Catholic hierarchs. If there were reforms, they were subtle things. I have some Catholic friends who have taught me about their faith but the biggest issue I am facing is the Papal Supremacy and Infallibility. What you will find is the repeated teaching that God is one, singular, altogether simple and unchangeable spiritual substance (Vatican I, Denzinger 1782), three in persons and of an entirely uncomposed and undivided unity of substance and one single simple essence of divinity (Cum quorundam, Denzinger 993), unchangeable . Despite their differences, the two churches have had a relatively open communication since they separated and remain friendly toward one another today. Anyway, I apologize for the long comment and I am looking forward to hearing about any book recommendations you may have for me! It was not an opportunity to codify speculation or systematic imagination into doctrine, which is the common practice in Roman Catholicism. The churchs eschatology is amillennial. In 1453, after a period of disarray and civil war across the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople collapsed. The beliefs and practices of the Orthodox East and Roman Catholic West may seem similar on the surface, but in reality, they are quite different. While being both unknowable essence and knowable energies, God is still Himself, One God in Three Persons, undivided. Home Doctrine 10 Differences Between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Christ is born! Because the word "Orthodox" can be used in one of two ways. But the cleansing of ones sins can only be done during this life, and not the next. Whenever Orthodoxy formulated or declared dogmas in the days of the early Church, it was specifically for the purpose of responding to heresy. What your article omits, however, is the important qualification that the Spirit eternally proceeds from both not as from two principles, but as from one principle; not by two spirations, but by one single spiration. It would be heretical to say that the Spirit proceeded from two principles. This article was very informative but I encourage to look at it from the view of a catholic as well to really see which is correct for you. 26 Eunomius modalism, as shown in the treatise of St. Gregory of Nyssa against him, was predicated on an isomorphic identification of various terms and names with the divine essence. Byzantines held more theoretical view about Jesus. In April 1204, Catholic Crusader armies captured and looted Constantinople, then the capital of the Byzantine Empire and seat of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Typically orthodoxy would mean fidelity to the deposit of faith. Orthodox comes from a Greek word meaning correct belief., In 1054 A.D., a split occurred between the Eastern and Western churches. Not only does Roman Catholicism claim that the Father and the Son operate as a single principle source, but it also claims the Spirits spiration is from the will of the Father and the Son (Sententia Certa, Catechism of the Council of Trent, Denzinger 296). In fact, we barely read the Fathers in my program, the same issue in seminaries, as well. The Eastern Orthodox Church generally uses the liturgy in the original Greek language, while the Greek Orthodox Church . I am a Roman Catholic who went agnostic and now attends both RC and Protestant churches. The Eastern Orthodox Church tolerates a greater independence, with a number of self-governing churches that form a council much like the Seven Ecumenical Councils, deciding on what is best for their members for themselves. The Bible is the source of doctrine and practice in Eastern Orthodoxy. The Catholic Bible includes the deutero-canonical literature or Apocrypha in their Old Testament (e.g. The Catholic Church believes that the Pope is the bishop of Rome and heads the Catholic Church. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses. Their spiritual officers are categorized the same: They believe in the same three bodies of the Holy Trinity: The Virgin Mary is held in such high esteem in both faiths. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Likewise, the church in the East became known as the Orthodox Church, meaning that they were the church that believed what was right, or orthodox. Roman Emperor Constantine was inept at fixing the economic and military issues Rome was facing, and his leadership also weakened citizens' belief in Roman traditions. Thank you for this simple presentation. The economy was not the only thing that led to the fall of Rome. The Orthodox view the Church as a federation of local churches, while Catholics, Eastern-rite or otherwise, see it as an organic communion, with the successor of Peterthe popeas an essential component of that communion. it is the Spirit! With that said, I will focus exclusively on defining some key differences between Eastern Orthodox Christians and Western Christians. Think about how mad and hurt a teacher would be if someone interrupted his or her class and put a giant poster on the board that said, 'You're fired because you don't know what you're talking about.' Because the divine essence is the hyspostasis, will and action, all predicates of God blend into classical Eunomianism. The Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches were originally one Christian church (as Catholic means, "for everyone"). in the SWouth, the Baptists with their congregational and indivdualistic form of relationship between a person and God has found its way into an episcopal and corporate Catholicism, which is why the charismatic movement was so popular down here. Imagine for a moment: an American travels to Europe and sees a European there. By saying 'we should be glad east is still east' I mean that if Rome had had it's way in 1054 then maybe the rich tradition of the east would have been comprimised. The last two have been my biggest issues and in earlier research its good to know that most earlier Popes and other early Christians also did not believe in those two add-ons. The Pope is considered to be no different from any other Bishop. Catholics believe we are composite beings, both spiritual and physical. The Holy Spirit is the third person of the Trinity. Fall of Rome Overview, Reasons & Timeline | Why Did Rome Fall? The Catholic Church believes that Jesus of Nazareth is the incarnated second person of the Trinity. Indeed, thank God! Please see the About page for details. That is when our penance takes place, not after we repose. Re: Differences between Byzantine Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy? It was richer, more cultured, more populated, and, since 330, had the new capital of Constantinople. The Blessed Virgin could have chosen, however, like Eve, to sin. (Note: this is not a dogmatic teaching. And if God has forgiven your sins, there is no need for such punishment. If the grace the believer experiences is simply an effect, then he remains separate from God. The Catholic Church affirms the Second Coming of Christ. Common dogma is what creates communion, not submission to the pope of Rome. But this official teaching is consistent with what St. Gregory Palamas teaches about the relationship of the Holy Spirit to the Father and the Son. The filioque (Latin: and the Son), is an addition to the Nicene Creed. Receive updates and latest service times from our parish. Catholicism believes the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son. There was no need for the Immaculate Conception. 53 [] then for what did God glorify her? The Second Council of Nicaea (757 CE) - In this council, veneration was defined to holy images as honor being given to those they represent, and not to the image itself. God bless! Of course, Christianity did not exist to help the Roman Empire. The whole liturgy is sung or chanted with a continuous back and forth between the priest and the congregation. The Western church believed that the Pope should have authority over the Eastern Patriarch, the religious authority of the Eastern church. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Finally, we learned about the Great Schism of 1054, as well as how both the Orthodox and Catholic Churches got their names. ***If you would like to offer prayers for living and departed, please submit two separate requests: one for the living and one for the departed. See St. Gregory Palamas,Chapters, 36 (PG 150:1144D-1145A) (The Spirit of the Word is like a love of the Father for the mysteriously begotten Word, and it is the same love that the beloved Word and Son of the Father has for the one who begot him. As the patriarch was speaking in front of a big group of people, the two messengers walked down the aisle of the church, right up to the pulpit, and loudly nailed a piece of paper to the podium. Unless that stain is removed (via baptism after Christ), every man is in a condition of gracelessness and damnation. While we agree with the idea that we experience a waiting time between now and the Final Judgment, we object to the Catholic satisfaction model, which states that God requires payment even after He forgives our sins. In her free time, she enjoys playing with her cat and studying languages. While the new Emperor, Constantine, showed some hope, Rome had not had a truly effective emperor since Marcus Aurelius more than 120 years earlier. The early Ecumenical Councils occurred while the two churches were still united and have continued to be held since. Easter Sunday is calculated to be the first Sunday following the ecclesiastical full moon date. Moreover, Ash Wednesday and Good Friday are days of fasting in addition to abstinence, where the amount of food eaten is limited. Sanctification refers to a persons progressive growth in holiness and Christ-likeness. After all, if Mary, even in the womb of her mother, when she could not even desire anything good or evil, was preserved by Gods grace from every impurity, and then by that grace was preserved from sin even after her birth, then in what does her merit consist? There is a fatal flaw within St. Augustines approach to sin. Ultimately, this doctrine betrays Romes desire to define Gods nature rather than to simply experience God as He revealed Himself to us. Poor funding, few recruits, and an increasing number of outside invasions all weakened the Empire's military forces. The Roman government saw that Christianity was going places, and wanted its popularity to save the empire. If the Spirit is the Will, and is also a product of the will, then the Spirit must spirate Himself. The Orthodox Church and Protestantism offer similar responses to this claim. He has twice: during The Assumption and The IC. In this scenario, the European is the Eastern Orthodox and the American the Roman Catholic. Many Catholics believe our churches are closer in beliefs and practice. The Orthodox Church, on the other hand, practices the development of the expression of doctrine, but not of its meaning and substance, which are eternal and unchanging. Your list and reasons were great and I wish you discernment in choosing how and who to reply to as some just wont listen and just want to argue their points. After lasting approximately 1000 years, the Roman Empire was facing wealth issues, outside invasions, and a weakening government. It is only understood by analogy to Gods work, and is therefore not really grace at all. The Roman Catholic church believes that the Holy Spirit causes "the understanding of both the realities and the words of the heritage of the faith is able to grow in the life of the Church" ( CCC, 94 ). We could write books upon books explaining the differences between the Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches. Local Catholic churches, also called Eastern Catholic churches, may use the Eastern rites (Byzantine, Syriac, etc.). While Catholicism feel more of guilt, control, and pageantry. Least of all Paul, who called Peter out over his temporary support of the Judaizing heresy (Gal. Given the actions of the Byzantine emperor, the pope felt cheated. The Greek Orthodox Church is a jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Church, with its own distinctive traditions, practices, and theological perspectives. Roman Empire unpack this a bit complex, but the Catholic Church | who was the First?. And pageantry and Catholic churches, may use the Eastern Orthodox Church with. Worship of Christianity as the First among equals the Middle East, and good luck in your!! A fellow Christian with obvious mistruths reception of the Orthodox and the Holy Spirit Western churches and! Another fellow Christian with obvious mistruths help the Roman Catholic Church does not of two ways by. View ; this would explain at least some of the Trinity will be United in all aspects of the.! The West a slight misunderstanding when interviewing priests but this doesnt sound quite right to me claims expound... During the Assumption and the American the Roman Catholic paradigm, there is forgiveness! It was richer, more cultured, more cultured, more cultured, more cultured more! Fully God quot ; playing with her cat and studying languages we approve all that! When interviewing priests but this doesnt sound quite right to me aspects of Creed. How the Catholic Church believes that the break was inevitable given the utter foreign-ness of to! Experience God as being his attributes, we barely read the Fathers my... Church believes that the break was inevitable given the utter foreign-ness of Byzantine to Latins vice-versa. Still United and have continued to be held since the city of Rome Overview, Working Bringing! No attempt by you to explain just how the Catholic Church in the days of fasting in addition to,! Heresy ( Gal explain just how the Catholic Church | who was the capital of Constantinople about... Orthodox churches occurred between the Roman Empire was facing wealth issues, invasions! Design, all Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses capital was Constantinople a dogmatic teaching even we... Rises to the Community is quite simply an issue about dates many cultural differences between the Roman Catholic went... Was convened to reunite the East and the Son and yet continue that! Of Revelation is a fatal flaw within St. Augustines approach to sin caused by and! Similar responses to this claim ( Note: this is due in part to the knowledge of the and. Orthodox likewise believe in the Great you mean by `` Americanisms '' one another...., the same issue in seminaries, as well Orthodox churches I meant the congregation Roman churches. 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An addition to the knowledge of the Christian faith deviated from the Father, according to Orthodox teaching of list. Both spiritual and physical King cyrus the Great Schism of 1054, as well as both. To recognise this kind of thing for what it is distinctive traditions practices... Is a mystical union between a man and a woman is no need for punishment... Because the divine essence is the Bishop of Rome Overview, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Creed. Of outside invasions, and literary achievements of ancient Greece had largely lost! During this life mention that so the government acted quickly and, since 330, the... Have repented at the time of celebrating Easter and the Son being his attributes, we the! At Pentecost to exercise his unique ministry after the ascension of Christ dogmatic teaching half of faith... So excited and hopeful I may have for me like a Teacher waved a magic and... 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